Folk arts and crafts are not only history, but also modernity. Handmade jewelry, a bandage using the “sewing on linen” technique will make you unique. Man has always strived for beauty. People tend to try to improve their home, surrounding, personal belongings. Folk art has not lost its relevance even now, it is supplemented with new ideas.
Folk art craft - what is it?
Folk arts and crafts or arts and crafts is a multifaceted concept. It belongs to the field of decorative arts, includes:
- creation of art products that are used in private life in society;
- artistic processing of utilitarian items (furniture, utensils, fabrics, vehicles, tools, toys, jewelry, etc.).
Folk arts and crafts uses a variety of materials:
- ceramics;
- metal;
- glass;
- wood;
- textiles, etc.
Works are performed by casting, forging, inlaying, chasing, carving, painting, engraving, embroidery, etc.
Folk arts and crafts emerged a long time ago. This is one of the main areas of creativity for the people. In our time, interest in this type of self-expression has not only not decreased, but has increased. Many types of needlework have been invented, which are also part of arts and crafts, check out some of them.
Handmade jewelry: master class
Contemporary arts and crafts is also the creation of jewelry. Having made such a miniature, you will be sure that it is made in one copy and the second one will not be exactly the same.
On it, on a white background, a pink tulip is drawn. To make a thumbnail, you need:
- acrylic paints of the following colors: ocher, carmine, light green, black, titanium white;
- plastic workpiece;
- brush (from the column);
- palette;
- a jar of water.
In this case, the craftswoman made jewelry from Cernit plastic, using the white color of Blanco Opaco - beautiful shining products are obtained from it. A round brass base was taken for the form. The plastic should be rolled out with a rolling pin on this form, baked at 110 ° C in the oven for 15 minutes. Then take it out, when it cools down, take it out and sand it with 600 grit sandpaper - then the paint will lie better.
Now you need to put everything you need for painting in front of you and you can start.
Squeeze a little of each paint onto the palette. At the tip of the brush, mix white with carmine to get the desired shade and consistency, dilute with a little water. With this color, depict the outlines of the future flower.
With light strokes, you will outline the locations of the two extreme petals, the third - the central one and the stalk. This is how the object of modern folk decorative applied art is made further.
After mixing white and ocher, a little pink paint, mix. Use this soft peach color to color the bottom layer of the petals. Now in the same mixture of paint, drop a drop of green, mix, draw the outlines of the stem.
Here's how handmade jewelry is made next. Mix white and carmine on the palette for a richer pink. Color the petals with it. In this case, it is necessary to repeat the pattern of the veins in the center of the flower and on the edges of the petals. At the next stage, you need to repeat this procedure, but add only a little water.
Next, mix ocher and green acrylic, add water, apply this substance to the leaves. But they shouldn't be too bright for the flower to get the main focus. At the bottom, the petals are a little more saturated color, at the top - less.
Using equal proportions of carmine and black, add some water. After mixing, label with this mixture the shades of leaves and petals.
To further shade the petals in the lower center, the edge of the stem, also mix carmine and black, but add just a little water. Put green in this palette, sketch the leaves at the base.
Drop a little water into black acrylic paint, apply a few horizontal strokes with micro-strokes on the veins at the bottom of the petals, at the base.
It remains to add literally a drop of green paint to the whitish mixture, draw the veins at the bottom of the middle central and a little on the leaf.
Here's what handmade jewelry will turn out.
Now check out how girls used to decorate their heads in the old days. The next master class will help to make the Arkhangelskaya bandage.
How to make a festive headdress for Russian girls?
This piece of antique clothing is made using the “sewing on linen” technique. It involves embroidery on cotton cord with pearls in 2-3 rows. It is sewn onto the base with transverse stitches, and pearls are placed in the formed hollow (nowadays, beads are more often used). As a result, pearls or beads will "lie" smoothly and neatly. And the contours of the pattern are decorated with gold or silver cord.
Here's what it takes to make an antique headband:
- white cotton fabric;
- blue and white silk;
- white cord (soutache);
- canvas;
- small white beads;
- large rhinestones - 2 white and 3 blue, medium: 2 blue and 3 light yellow;
- small rhinestones - 9 blue, 3 yellow and 3 green;
- cardboard;
- beaded needles;
- 2 pearl strands of 30 cm;
- white threads;
- large embroidery hoop or wooden stretcher;
- scissors.
Such a folk art craft is typical for northern peoples, it was there that "sewing on white" was born. Stretch the canvas over a hoop or stretcher. Put a white cotton fabric on top of it. On top of it, a layer of blue silk fabric is applied and fixed - this is a rectangle of 21x40 cm. Sew it onto this cotton fabric with a basting stitch, which will need to be removed at the end of the work.
Draw the outline of the ornament on this blue silk cloth with a fine chalk or special water-soluble marker. You can do this with a simple pencil, since you will still cover this sketch with a cord (soutache), stitch it using the "forward needle" seam.
The stitches should be fine. Decorate the cord at the bottom with two white and three blue large rhinestones, and at the top sew three yellow and two blue ones.
Sew the soutache along the contour of the rhinestones. Place pearls along the halo of whites. Border with it the rhinestones in a circle located in the rosettes. And fill the lower sockets of the antique headdress with a cord.
Two rosettes remained unfilled, they need to be laid out with petals of stylized flowers. To decorate the top of the headdress, line the flowers with soutache around the medium-sized rhinestones. Then, also using a cord, make branches and leaves out of it.
The ornament is decorated with soutache, now you need to sew beads on it. To do this, string five to six pieces per thread, lay such fragments on the cord. And you need to fasten with transverse stitches of two or three beads. This is done like this: after you have attached six to seven pieces, thread the needle through the last couple of sewn beads.
Make sure the rows are even, follow them strictly with the cord. You need to pull the thread well so that the beads fit well together.
When you are finished decorating the ornament, remove the work from the hoop or stretcher. It is necessary to cut out a three-layer kokoshnik, adding 5 cm to the seams so that the finished piece has dimensions of 40x21 cm.
Cut the bottom of the headdress according to the pattern in semicircles. Sew the cut blue silk lining to the top and bottom of the jewelry. In this case, the sides remain free. Insert a rectangle of cardboard into this gap to stiffen the structure.
Two ribbons 18 by 90 cm are cut out of white silk fabric, we process their edges with an overcasting seam.
On the front part, to the sides, sew two silk ribbons measuring 18x90 cm (having previously overlapped their edges). These elements are laid in folds, attached with a "forward needle" seam.
On the bottom of the bandage, under each rosette of five, beaded threads are sewn.
Now you have an idea of how folk arts and crafts developed the principle of making and decorating a headdress. It is not for nothing that such dressings are called "Arkhangelsk", since soutache sewing is typical for these northern places.
Do-it-yourself Khokhloma painting
It is also a folk art craft, it arose about 300 years ago. Then in the village of Khokhloma, in the Nizhny Novgorod region, craftsmen created a craft. They made wooden dishes and painted them in a certain way. Floral ornament in gold and red tones is applied on a black background. This painting began to be called "Khokhloma".
How to decorate a kitchen board?
Try to plunge into this folk art craft by making a board for the kitchen, but which will be painted like a Khokhloma in a modern way. For this, the decoupage technique is used. To implement this idea, buy napkins with a Khokhloma pattern or decoupage paper with an image of this type, you can download it from the Internet. Blanks for boards take ready-made unpainted ones or make them with your own hands, with a jigsaw from plywood 3-4 mm thick.
Here is a list of the essentials:
- blank for boards;
- pencil;
- carbon copy;
- awl;
- scissors;
- sandpaper;
- PVA glue;
- furniture varnish.
Remove only the upper part from the napkins, you only need it. If you printed an image, use thin paper for this, before sticking on the board, its edges on the back side need to be sanded for a better fit.
If you are using a napkin, then grease the board with glue. If you took paper, then miss it. Glue any of these blanks to the face of the board. When the glue is dry, coat the paper base with 2 layers of varnish.
When it's dry, you can hang the board in the most prominent place in the kitchen to admire this piece of art.
Khokhloma painting will allow you to create a box.
Painting the box
Feel like real masters who are close to folk arts and crafts. Describe a wooden box under the Khokhloma. For such creativity, you will need:
- acrylic paints for working with wood;
- masking tape - narrow;
- wooden box;
- background bronze or gold paint;
- wood varnish;
- three squirrel brushes - No. 1–3;
- soft brush for applying varnish;
- pencil;
- sandpaper;
- tracing paper.
Wood paint can be purchased at an art salon, as is varnish, which can be brushed or sprayed on. If the wooden box is not new and has irregularities, go over it with fine sandpaper.
Now apply 2 layers of background paint to the entire box. But first, wait for the first to dry. Go to the next stage only when the second layer is completely dry.
Do not waste time while this is happening, you will have time to draw the drawing you like or invented on tracing paper. You need to depict the main details, you will apply the small ones directly to the box.
When the background paint on it is completely dry, attach the tracing paper with the image of floral ornament on top, taking scotch tape. Then this pattern will be fixed and will not move out. To transfer the outline to the box, follow the lines of the drawing on the tracing paper, pressing lightly. Then the image will be imprinted on the box.
With brush number one and black paint, trace the image on the box.
Glue adhesive tape around the perimeter of the lid, it will prevent black paint from entering here. And with it you will paint over the background. You will make it with a brush at number 3.
Peel off the tape only when the paint is dry. Then you can start the creative part, draw flowers and berries.
To draw the currants evenly, dip the back of a pencil with round edges in paint, apply, like a seal, to the surface of the box. It remains to depict the grass, somewhere to finish the flowers, antennae, droplets, dots on the strawberries, highlights. When it's all dry, cover with two or three coats of varnish, letting each dry.
The box is ready! Here's how beautiful it will turn out. If you liked making boxes, decorating them, see how to make a box out of sweets. At the same time, have a sweet snack to increase efficiency, to want to make beautiful objects with your own hands right now. Such folk art is more modern, but creating such objects is no less interesting.
Box of sweets
If you enjoyed making the box, as a bonus - another item, but edible. For its manufacture are taken:
- crepe paper;
- wooden skewer;
- colored cardboard;
- candies;
- PVA glue;
- double sided tape;
- scissors.
First, you need to hide the tails of the candy so that the edible items look good. Remove these parts by gluing them to the base with tape.
Cut a strip from the cardboard. Its height is the height of the candy without the "tails". The diameter is arbitrary. If it is about 8 cm, then 300 g of candies are required.
Roll this blank into a cylinder, secure with a stapler. Attach it to the cardboard, circle it, cut out the circle that you want to glue to the cylinder.
Attach double-sided tape to the box, but do not remove the top protective tape yet. You will remove it gradually, gluing candy.
When all of them are attached, it remains to wrap this beauty with a ribbon, leave the product as it is, or decorate it with paper roses. To do this, cut a 5 cm wide strip of crepe paper across the grain. On one side, screw it onto a skewer. Stretch in the center to shape the petal.
Put the caramel in it, wrap it with paper, grabbing the "tail" of the wrapper to form a rose. Secure it with floral tape, tying it at the base. Three roses will be enough.
Such a modern folk art craft will certainly delight a child or an adult sweet tooth, and will become an original gift.
If you want to see firsthand how to make a Khokhloma box in old traditions, then we suggest watching a video tutorial.
Here's how to make a round wooden box.
